What term is associated with a set of rigid social categories in Hinduism?

The term "caste system" is associated with a set of rigid social categories in Hinduism because it refers to the hierarchical structure that divides society into different groups, each with its own duties, roles, and social status. The caste system is traditionally classified into four primary categories known as varnas: Brahmins (priests and teachers), Kshatriyas (warriors and rulers), Vaishyas (merchants and landowners), and Shudras (laborers and service providers). However, the term "caste system" encompasses not only these four varnas but also the numerous sub-castes (jati) that exist within each category, making it a complex and significant aspect of social organization in Hindu society.

This system has been deeply ingrained in Indian culture and history, influencing various aspects of life, including marriage, occupation, and social interactions. While "varnas" refers to these four broad categories, the term "caste system" captures the full extent of the social stratification that has been prevalent in Hindu society. The rigid nature of this system has led to significant social implications, including discrimination and social mobility challenges, thus making it distinctly recognized as the overarching term for these rigid social categories in Hinduism.