Which of the following is included in the Four Sublime States?

The Four Sublime States, also known as the Brahmaviharas in Buddhist teachings, consist of loving-kindness (metta), compassion (karuna), empathetic joy (mudita), and equanimity (upekkha). Among these, the state referred to as "metta" directly embodies the concept of loving-kindness, which is foundational to the practice of compassion and harmony in relationships, both with oneself and others.

Metta is intended to cultivate an attitude of unconditional love and goodwill toward all beings. This practice fosters positive emotions, promotes mental well-being, and encourages a sense of connectedness among individuals. By focusing on metta, practitioners are taught to wish for the happiness and well-being of others and to extend this radiance to all living beings without discrimination.

The other terms presented in the choices are not part of the Four Sublime States. "Shanti," which means peace, is often used in various spiritual contexts but does not specifically refer to the Brahmaviharas. "Seva," which denotes selfless service, while important in many spiritual practices, is also not one of the Four Sublime States. "Dharma," generally referring to the cosmic law and order in Hinduism and Buddhism